Ultrasound Scans

Ultrasound Scans

What are ultrasound scans?

Ultrasound scans are images of the internal organs generated from sound waves. These images are created when sound waves are directed into the body and then reflected back to a scanner that measures them.

What are ultrasound scans used for?

Ultrasound scanning is utilized to monitor and diagnose conditions in various parts of the body, including the kidneys, liver, and heart (echocardiogram).

It's commonly employed to assess conditions affecting the pelvic organs in women, such as the uterus, Fallopian tubes, and ovaries.

Ultrasound has significantly improved the care of pregnant women. In the UK, ultrasound scans are routine examinations, usually performed during the initial antenatal clinic visit and often again at 18 to 22 weeks of pregnancy.

Ultrasound scanning is safe and devoid of side effects, making it suitable for use during pregnancy. It's employed to monitor fetal growth and detect any abnormalities.

How does an ultrasound work?

The ultrasound scanner resembles a small paint roller. As it traverses back and forth over the body, it emits sound waves through the skin and muscles.

These waves are then converted into an image displayed on a TV screen. Additionally, the scan can be replicated on paper or X-ray film.

How is an ultrasound scan conducted?

The procedure's method depends on its purpose. The scanner may be applied externally on the skin or inserted through natural body openings, such as the mouth or vagina.

For instance, if examining the kidneys or liver, the patient lies on an examination table either on their back or side. A special gel is applied to the skin to enhance organ visibility during the scan.

To visualize the heart's structures, including the opening and closing of valves, the ultrasound probe can be swallowed, attached to the machine while passing through the food tube or esophagus.

For examination of a woman's pelvic organs, a transvaginal scan offers a clearer image. A small probe is gently inserted into the vagina up to the cervix to obtain the best image. This process should cause no more than slight discomfort.

Does an ultrasound scan cause pain?

An ultrasound scan is painless, although the gel used during the examination may feel cold.

Where are ultrasound scans conducted?

Traditionally, the examination occurs in hospitals, with patients referred by their GP or midwife. However, ultrasound services are becoming available in a small but increasing number of doctors' surgeries.