Bone Density Scans

Bone Density Scans

What are bone density scans?

Bone density scans quantify the amount of bone at specific body sites, typically the lower spine, hips, forearm, or heel.

Doctors utilize these scans to gauge the likelihood of future bone fractures and to determine the necessity of any treatment.

What do bone scans reveal?

Scans across various bones can predict your overall fracture risk, assessing what's commonly termed "bone density." Like height, bone density varies among individuals, with lower density correlating to higher fracture risks. These scans are more reliable for assessing bone density compared to X-rays, which can be misleading.

What occurs during a scan?

The procedure involves remaining still for a few minutes without any needle involvement. Most scanners utilize narrow X-ray beams, although some use ultrasound instead. The X-ray dosage is minimal, far less than that required for a chest X-ray.

Why are specific sites scanned?

Different scanning sites suit different patients. Hip scans, for instance, are superior for predicting hip fractures, but some patients may struggle with positioning. Forearm scans offer quick and precise results but may not be suitable for individuals with previous wrist fractures or certain types of arthritis. Spinal scans may yield inaccurate results in those over 60 or with unusual body compositions.

How frequently should scans occur?

For most individuals, a single scan suffices to assess overall fracture risk. However, a follow-up scan may be necessary after two or three years to reassess treatment decisions. Patients on long-term steroid therapy may require scans every two or three years.

Does low bone density always signify osteoporosis?

No, other conditions can lead to decreased bone density and fractures. These include osteomalacia (vitamin D deficiency), hyperactivity of certain glands, intestinal disorders, and osteogenesis imperfecta, an inherited condition causing childhood fractures. Proper diagnosis is crucial as these conditions necessitate distinct treatments from osteoporosis.